World power

Institute of Multinational Corporations from the Department of the Ministry of Commerce, General Motors (China) Co., Ltd., Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center co-sponsored, the theme of independent innovation and multinational R & D Center “2006 multinational companies in China Forum”, the participating countries for guests with “Creating an innovative nation” and “independent innovation” strategy, technology research and development of China’s automobile industry, for example, explored the path of independent innovation and in the context of globalization, multinational R & D centers, as well as how to define what role it should play and so on.

R & D centers of transnational corporations into China’s innovation system

As more and more multinationals setting up R & D centers in China, how to these R & D center position, with the local R & D centers in China What is the relationship? In this regard, the Ministry of Commerce Trade in Services Secretary Hu Yan said: “Whether it is a wholly-owned or joint venture, want to create a condition so that its technology in China’s soil environment, play a better role.”

Central Financial and Economic Leading Group Office of Integrated Finance Division Wen-Xiu Han stressed: “In China’s future technological upgrading and independent innovation in the process of local enterprises and multinational companies to avoid their own independence and Liangzhang Pi, it should be integrated into each other. “

” should multinational R & D institutions and joint-venture companies as China’s domestic R & D organization engaging in research and development and innovation part of the mind, and finally be able to bring it into the Chinese national innovation system to them. “State Secretary for International Cooperation of Science and Technology Director Jin Xiaoming, said.

Institute of the Ministry of Commerce Wang Yue, director of Research Center, multinational companies, also holds the same view. He said, should be fully absorbed in the past 20 years of successful experience in a higher starting point, the idea of technological innovation of enterprises to adjust. Against the background of globalization and market-oriented principle in mind, efforts to R & D centers of transnational corporations into China’s innovation system, the inclusion and integration of the resources of multinational corporations into China’s technological innovation in the past, rather than exclude it.

assigned by the Secretary Xiong Zhijun that the SASAC, the central enterprises to improve their capability of independent innovation, can not do without opening up and reform. If there are no joint ventures and cooperation with multinational companies, competitors, mutual promotion, and market given the pressure on the capacity of independent innovation is difficult to rapidly.

Wang also pointed out that multinational corporations in China R & D institutions under the territoriality principle is that China’s technology innovation system an integral part of how this part really organic integration into the national innovation system is a challenge we face.

multinational R & D center for the local R & D spillover effect is larger than crowding-out effect

Pan Asia Center as China’s first joint-venture automobile technology development center, established for only nine years, but the first 10 years, it plans to form a vehicle development capability, by 2010 to enter the ranks of world-class R & D center and began to go out to the global vehicle market, to compete within the framework of the design.

“pan-Asian center is indeed a high growth path has its own characteristics.” Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co., Ltd. Deputy General Manager Liu Qiming experience is the experience of rapid growth is to persist to actively attract foreign investment joint research and development, and then the formation of self - innovation capacity, and finally resort to the world market.

GM China Group President and Managing Director Kevin E. Wale that the involvement of multinational corporations will never weaken the domestic R & D institutions and domestic enterprises in the overall development of the importance of the automotive industry. Local enterprises and institutions will rely on their own unique advantages and other competitors to grow and will be the development of China’s auto industry to play a key role.

Pan Asia’s successful experience is that General Motors used a solution advocated by the prominent cases of the real. The Chinese government and industry should strongly encourage transnational corporations, through its wholly-owned or joint-venture R & D units, such as pan-Asian, and further enhance their technical innovation.

Xiong Zhijun, said the case of large pan-Asian answer to current thinking about the relationship between the independent innovation and opening up, the global R & D centers which, Pan Asia is an exception, this exception is based on the Chinese soil. China, the rapid development of soil, the total large, a huge market, but the technology gap and relatively large, so the R & D institutions of foreign investment in China has a unique comparative advantage. of the Central Policy Research Office of

Zheng Xinli, deputy director of Shanghai GM’s Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center in cooperation affirmed. Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center in Shanghai GM, has provided technical support, especially in the automotive products on the adaptability of the transformation of China has done a lot of work, including the Buick Regal, Grand Hyatt, Excelle and so on. In addition, the technology center is also the future of automotive technology development a certain amount of research, especially on alternative energy vehicles and hybrid vehicle development has done a lot of technical reserves, technology center has also trained a large number of technology development talent.

Zheng Xinli said, GM and SAIC cooperation, established the Pan Asia Technical Center, they made on the technology development efforts and their results should be considered as our national innovation system and building an innovation-oriented country is an important component of To enhance the capability of independent innovation of China automobile industry has made a contribution. In the future, should further expand cooperation and create more technical achievements, so that the Pan Asia Technical Center better and better.

“So far, foreign investors in China’s R & D activities, the local R & D activities, the spillover effect is much larger than the crowding-out effect.” the State Council Development Research Center of Foreign Economic Research Department, said Long Guoqiang, deputy minister, “but kinds of spill-over effects have not been into full play, there is a lot of space. “

and integrating the use of its advantages into the global resources to enhance the level of independent innovation

how to make such a spillover effect into full play, governments and enterprises need to do what work? Hu Yan that, for R & D center, should increase policy support for efforts to create good conditions, a good mechanism and make it a good combination of domestic enterprises, making it the technology to maximize the overflow, and with the whole community, the entire technical innovation system together.

“For the Government, the focus should be guided to foreign-invested enterprises in China R & D institutions as much as possible spillover effects of his expansion in the process to be a win-win.” Long Guoqiang said that the government should guide the two aspects, one constant foreign-invested enterprises in China to enhance R & D levels and R & D capabilities. The second is to encourage knowledge flows and knowledge sharing. Let R & D institutions of foreign-invested enterprises will be excavated as much as possible spill-over effects, for example, encourage foreign-invested enterprises and the cooperation of local businesses, and local enterprises upstream and downstream industry chain co-operation and competition, competitors, and some research institutes in co-operation and so on.

Wang believes that the inclusion and integration of the resources of multinational companies into the technological innovation of Chinese enterprises to make greater use of market constraints and incentive mechanisms to promote technological innovation of Chinese enterprises, rather than strengthen the traditional administrative intervention. Necessary to apply the rules of market competition to promote independent innovation of Chinese enterprises to learn in the market economy through the use of market incentives and constraints of the role of promoting technological innovation of Chinese enterprises. To establish and form a foreign-funded enterprises, state-owned enterprises and private enterprises compete with each other for mutual cooperation mechanism of market competition. Such a mechanism most conducive to the healthy development of China’s enterprises, most conducive to the development of independent innovation of Chinese enterprises. Foreign-funded enterprises, state-owned enterprises, private enterprises are the three major Army Chinese enterprises, we should regard these three R & D institutions and mobilize all the enthusiasm and promote each other, compete with each other, to promote China’s research and development.

Wang suggested that the departments concerned in the research project bidding, when these foreign-funded R & D institutions as an object to attract bids come in, so you can reduce costs and increase competitiveness, reduce corruption, promote the development of our research and development. Independent innovation does not mean that their own innovations. Should continue to play an exemplary role of transnational corporations in China, China’s utilization of foreign capital and multinational corporations the ability to use resources is not enough to promote the strategy of multinational R & D institutions is that we raise the level of foreign capital utilization important aspect.

Jin Xiaoming’s view is that innovation is not to innovate behind closed doors, but also need to use technology and other aspects of the world’s resources and needs a higher level, greater cooperation within the international science and technology. The new situation and to propose new tasks, how to promote more meaningful, higher level, more win-win situation to promote international scientific and technological cooperation to improve China’s capability of independent innovation and building innovation-oriented country it is very important.

“China can use its advantages, drawing on multinational R & D efforts to enhance the level of domestic innovation.” Xiong Zhijun said.

“innovation, introduction, digestion, absorption of a number of re-innovation may be more direct and easier to do something, from the path of speaking, some may be more concise. because in the past 20 years, we have experience in this area is very deep, through the such cooperation, through the introduction, digestion, absorption, so that the whole of industrial technological level, the overall scientific and technological capacity has been very substantially improved. China’s overall scientific and technological capabilities, through such cooperation has been a number of significant and substantial improvements. “Jin Xiaoming said.

“an important policy meeting point is how to guide multinational companies with the domestic industrial capital, with the private, the state’s capital, better integration, through the extension of industrial chain, through supporting the development of the system, through our service, through the better policy guidance, can form the international capital with the capital, and better integration of the domestic industry. “State Council Development Research Center of Industry Vice Minister of Economic Research, Dan Yaodong believe that to improve our learning, speed up the dynamic learning process is also crucial .

整合全球资源，发展中国的开放型经济

跨国公司研究所从商务部，通用汽车部（中国）有限公司，泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司，部赞助，自主创新和跨国公司研发中心主题为“2006跨国公司在中国论坛“，为客人与会的”创建创新型国家“和”自主创新“战略，技术研究和中国汽车工业发展的国家，例如，探讨了自主创新的道路，在全球化的背景下，跨国公司研发研发中心，以及如何界定哪些应该发挥的作用等。

研发中心进入中国的创新体系跨国公司

随着越来越多的跨国公司设立研发中心在中国，如何与中国本地的研发中心，这些研发中心的地位，是什么关系？在这方面，在事务局局长胡丫嗯商务部贸易说：“无论是独资或合资企业，要创造条件，以便其在中国的土壤环境的技术，更好地发挥作用。”

中央财经领导小组办公室综合财务司韩文秀强调：“在中国未来的技术升级和本地企业和跨国公司的进程，自主创新，以避免自己的独立和粮长皮，它应被纳入相互转化。“

”应该跨国公司研发机构，联合为中国国内的研发机构在研发和创新精神的一部分从事的合资企业，并最终能够纳入中国国家创新它制。“国家国际科技合作主任金小明局长说。

商务部王粤的研究中心，跨国公司，导演部的研究所也持同样的看法。他说，应当充分，在过去20年的成功经验吸收在更高的起点，对企业技术创新的理念来调整。在全球化和市场背景下，考虑到为本的原则，进入中国的创新体系，列入和进入中国的技术创新，在过去，而不是排斥，跨国公司的资源整合跨国公司研发中心的努力。

局长敻之竣分配，国资委，中央企业提高自主创新能力，离不开改革开放。如果没有合资企业和跨国公司竞争，相互促进的合作，并考虑到市场上自主创新能力的压力是很难迅速。

王还指出，根据属地原则，在中国的研发机构，跨国公司，是中国的技术创新体系的一个组成部分如何有机结合，真正纳入国家创新体系的一个组成部分，是我们面临的挑战。

跨国公司研发本地研发溢出效应研发中心是不是排挤更大的挤出效应

泛亚中心作为中国第一家合资汽车技术开发中心，仅成立9年，但第一个10年，它计划到2010年形成汽车开发能力，进入世界级一流的研发中心，并开始走出全球汽车市场，竞争范围内的设计框架。

“泛亚中心是一个高增长的道路有自己的特点。”泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司副总经理刘七名经验是快速增长的经验，就是要坚持积极吸引外国投资的联合研究和开发，然后形成了自我-创新能力，并最终诉诸世界市场。

通用汽车中国公司总裁兼总经理甘文维认为，跨国公司的参与将不会削弱在汽车行业的整体发展的重要性，国内研发机构和国内企业。当地企业和机构将依靠自己的独特优势和其他竞争对手增加，将成为中国汽车工业的发展发挥关键作用。

泛亚的成功经验是，通用汽车公司使用了真正的突出案例主张的解决方案。中国政府和工业界应大力鼓励跨国公司通过其全资或合资的研发单位，例如泛亚，进一步提高他们的技术创新。

敻之捃，说大锅案件亚洲回答有关之间的自主创新和开放的关系，目前的想法，全球研发中心，其中泛亚是一个例外，这个例外是在中国的土壤。中国，土壤的快速发展，占总数的，巨大的市场，但该技术的差距较大，因此研发在中国海外的投资机构具有独特的比较优势。肯定了中央政策研究室主任

郑新立，上海通用泛亚汽车技术中心副主任合作。泛亚汽车技术中心在上海通用汽车，特别是在提供了有关在中国的适应性改造的汽车产品的技术支持，做了大量工作，包括别克君威，君悦，凯越等。此外，该技术中心，也是未来汽车技术发展的研究一定程度上替代能源汽车和混合动力汽车发展，尤其是做了大量的技术储备，技术中心还培养了一批技术开发人才一大批。

郑新立说，通用汽车与上汽集团合作，建立了泛亚技术中心，他们在技术开发上的努力，其结果应被视为我们的国家创新体系，建设创新型国家的一个重要组成部分为了加强对中国汽车工业的自主创新能力作出了贡献。今后，应进一步扩大合作，创造更多的技术成果，使泛亚技术中心越办越好。

“到目前为止，在中国的研发活动的外国投资者，本地的研发活动的溢出效应是远远大于挤出效应。”国务院发展研究对外经济研究部中心表示，隆国强，副部长“，而是波及种相比并没有充分发挥了影响，有很大的空间。”

和使用相结合的融入全球资源优势，提高自主创新水平

如何充分发挥，政府和企业的这种溢出效应需要做哪些工作？胡压嗯，对于研发中心，应加大对努力创造良好的条件，一个好的机制，使之成为国内企业的良好结合的政策支持，使之成为技术来最大限度地溢出，并与整个社会，整个技术创新体系在一起。

“对政府来说，重点应是引导，在中国研发外商投资企业，这是他在这个过程中的溢出效应扩大的可能是一个很大的双赢机构。”隆国强说，政府应引导两个方面，一个常量外商投资中国企业提升研发水平和研发能力。二是鼓励知识的流动和知识共享。外商投资企业，让研发机构将被挖出尽可能溢出效应，例如，鼓励外商投资企业和本地企业合作，与地方企业的上游和下游产业链的合作与竞争，竞争对手和一些研究机构合作，合作等。

王认为，包容和多国公司的资源整合到中国企业的技术创新更多地利用市场约束和激励机制，以促进中国企业，而不是加强行政干预的传统技术创新。要运用市场竞争的规则，以促进中国企业自主创新，在市场经济中学习，通过市场激励和促进我国企业技术创新中的作用的限制使用。要建立和形成了外商投资企业，国有企业和民营企业相互竞争的市场机制，相互合作相互竞争。这种机制最有利于中国的企业，最有利于我国企业自主创新的健康发展。外商投资企业，国有企业，民营企业是陆军中的三大企业，我们要把这三个研发机构，调动一切积极性，相互促进，相互竞争，促进中国的研究和发展。

王建议，在研究项目招标，当这些外资研发机构为对象，以吸引进来投标有关部门，这样你就可以降低成本，提高竞争力，减少腐败，促进我们的研究开发和发展。自主创新不等于自己创新。应继续发挥在中国的跨国公司的示范作用，中国的外国资本和跨国公司有能力使用资源的利用是不够的，促进跨国公司研发机构的战略是，我们提高利用外资水平的重要方面。

金小明的观点是，创新不是关起门来创新，而且还需要使用的技术和世界上其他方面的资源，需要一个更高的水平，在国际科学和技术更大的合作。新的形势，提出新任务，如何推动更有意义，更高层次，更多的双赢局面，以促进国际科技合作，提高中国的自主创新能力，建设创新型国家是非常重要的。

“中国可以利用自己的优势，对跨国公司研发努力，以提高国内创新水平绘图。”敻之钧说。

“创新，引进，消化，一个重新吸收一些创新可能会更直接，更容易做一些事情，从发言的道路，一些人更简洁。因为在过去20年来，我们有经验这方面是非常深刻的，通过这种合作，通过引进，消化，吸收，使整个工业技术水平，整体科学技术能力已经非常显着改善。中国的整体科学技术能力，通过这种合作一直是重要的和实质性的改进。“靳晓明说。

“的一项重要政策的交汇点是如何引导与国内产业资本的跨国公司，与私营，国家的资金，更好地结合，通过产业链的延伸，通过支持系统的发展，通过我们的服务，通过更好的政策指导，可与首都国际资本，以及更好地对国内产业的融合。“国务院发展研究中心产业部副部长，经济研究，丹王耀东认为，改进我们的学习，树立动态的速度学习过程也是至关重要的。06.9.29

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